Bankruptcy Law, News
De Groff Featured on American Bankruptcy Institute
Melissa J. De Groff, of Counsel at KGR, is currently featured at the American Bankruptcy Institute (ABI) site. De Groff summarizes a recent case in the Seventh Circuit of the United States Court of Appeals, in which the District Court’s decision was overturned:
A cross-collateralization clause in first priority mortgage put second priority mortgagee on inquiry notice of debt in excess of promissory note specified in first mortgage. Therefore, first mortgage holder entitled to sales proceeds of real property securing both mortgages up to maximum amount secured by first mortgage.
Read more of De Groff’s coverage at the ABI’s Volo (Circuit Court First Responder) here.
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COVID-19: Does Your Family Have A Plan?
Everyone should have a durable health care power of attorney in place and a living will. The COVID-19 pandemic makes me anxious and when I’m anxious, I need to channel that anxiety into action. You probably do, too. Your first action, of course, should be to follow the advice of public health professionals. Diligently wash your hands, self-isolate as long as we’re under restrictions, and stay at least six feet away from others if you have to go out. This will greatly reduce your risk of contracting or spreading the COVID-19 virus, according to epidemiologists. But that doesn’t help you plan for unexpected outcomes and long-term issues that impact your finances and your family’s well-being. Think about the following: What would happen if you were unable to make or communicate financial and personal decisions for several weeks due to a critical illness? Are you the family’s bill-payer? Does anyone else know the log-in and password information for your on-line utility accounts, or your bank account, in case you’re incapacitated? If you became sick suddenly, and were away from your home for an extended period, who would take care of your child, pet, or mail? How would your bills get paid? One positive action you can take while you’re working from home is to plan and prepare for your family’s future by completing a few key estate planning documents. Having your wishes documented and creating a formal plan to manage family finances and everyday needs should be a crucial first step. Face it, most of us have put…
Banking and Commercial Transactions, Blog, News, Real Estate
Notarize & Prove Recorded Documents in Indiana Effective July 1, 2020
Effective July 1, 2020 A recent change to Indiana Code section 32-21-2-3(a), which takes effect on Wednesday, July 1, requires all written instruments (such as deeds, mortgages, powers of attorney, affidavits, and any other documents that must be recorded in an Indiana county recorder’s office) to be both notarized and proved. Without going into the nitty gritty details (you can find those on the “directive” from the Indiana State Bar Association ), every recorded instrument must now include a witness statement to prove that the person whose signature is notarized signed and delivered the instrument in the witness’s presence (and the witness’s signature must also be notarized).
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Our Community
The lawyers and staff of Kroger Gardis & Regas, LLP were shocked and appalled at what happened to George Floyd. But it’s not enough to be appalled and to hear the pleas for change; meaningful reform is necessary. We express our sincere hope for a peaceful week and ask our elected leaders to reflect, listen and act thoughtfully on the many issues which face our city, our state and our nation. We all must work together to end the violence, disparagement and lack of understanding, recognize we have serious issues to address, and to thoughtfully heed the calls for justice and unity in our community. As a firm established to advocate for the rights of all citizens we fervently support those expressing their right to speak out individually, and to assemble collectively, to demand an end to the racial injustice so prevalent in our society. Our community’s leaders must heed the call to end disparate treatment of minorities by our law enforcement ranks and immediately begin the process to permanently change how we protect and serve our neighbors, with the active input of those most affected by the disparities. We are in this together. While we don’t have the answers, we want to help find them. Calls for the immediate establishment of a task force to address these issues is a sound one, and we stand ready to support and participate in that effort. Kroger Gardis & Regas has been located in the heart of our Indianapolis urban core for more than 80 years. We aren’t…
Bankruptcy Law, Blog, Business, Business Litigation
Who Do You Pay When the Business Can’t Pay Everyone?
Which Creditors To Pay? This doesn’t seem that tough a question to most folks. You’ll pay the creditors you need to keep your doors open and delay paying the ones who may let you slide or are just not that vigilant when you are past due. Well, an important different analysis will likely lead to different priorities. Consider first to whom you may be personally liable if the doors do close. Taxing authorities and holders of guaranties must be at the top of the list. Then consider whether you have it in you to guide the company through the dark times. First, even though you set up a corporation or limited liability company to own your business and protect your assets from company debts, some claims for unpaid taxes create personal liability for those associated with the business. If you are focusing on who to pay to keep the doors open, you will likely not consider the IRS and the Department of Revenue (in most states), who will often be about the last creditors to show up when you don’t pay on time. But often liability can pass to the owners, officers, or even an employee entrusted with making decisions on who to pay (yes, even the bookkeeper can be personally liable). Personal Liability Personal liability for unpaid business taxes generally arises from the failure to pay sales or use taxes and federal payroll taxes. In the case of sales/use taxes, that money never belonged to your business. The business collected it for the state and…
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COVID-19 AND CONTRACT BREACH
With the American economy grinding almost to a halt due to the Covid-19 Virus and the accompanying onslaught on National, State and local directives and executive orders restricting, and in some cases, preventing the operation of many businesses, performance of contracts by the affected business owners has become all but impossible for reasons totally beyond their control. These owners have contacts with key employees, contracts to supply goods, real estate leases requiring them to be open for business, contracts to manufacture and supply goods to others, franchise payments, product warranty repair claims in areas where travel is restricted, and the list goes on and on. The business owner asks “Am I liable for not doing something I can’t do, even if I want to do it”. As with so many other things in the law, there is no bright line test to answer the question, its fact sensitive and more than one legal principle needs to be considered if the business owner is to be rescued from liability. The law (and in most cases – Indiana) recognizes several defenses to enforcement of a contract against a party who, through no fault, cannot perform. In summary, these are (i) Force Majeure, (ii) Impossibility of Performance, (iii) Commercial Frustration and (iv) Impracticability of Performance. Of these defenses, only Force Majeure is a defense which must arise from the terms written into the written contract. Force Majeure – Is Covid 19 an Act of God? Indiana has few cases discussing force majeure. A force majeure clause is a “contractual provision allocating the…
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